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DRY ICE FAQ'S

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What is Dry Ice?

Dry ice is solid carbon dioxide (CO2) with a low temperature of -78° C (-109° F). Solid CO2 sublimates directly into vapor at normal atmospheric pressure. When it sublimates, it leaves no residue or waste material.

 

Carbon dioxide is part of the air we breathe and can be recovered in a variety of ways. The CO2 we use to make dry ice is recovered as a natural byproduct of several industrial and chemical processes such as in fermentation and oil refining. The CO2 is captured and stored for future use. So, when dry ice is used, no new CO2 is produced. Only the original CO2 is released, which is why using dry ice is considered “carbon-neutral” or environmentally responsible.

Dry Ice Safety

  • Dry ice is EXTREMELY COLD (-109º F)

  • DO NOT taste or touch with bare hands (use gloves)

  • DO NOT confine in airtight containers

  • DO NOT store, use or transport in poorly ventilated areas

  • SEC. 2 Hazards Identification Classification OSHA/HCS - Not classified GHS - Not classified D.O.T. Hazard Class Class 9 - Miscellaneous Signal Word Warning Hazard Statements

    • Vapor may displace oxygen and cause rapid suffocation. Inhalation may increase respiration and heart rate. Contact with the product may cause cold burns or severe frostbite. Harmful if eaten or swallowed. Precautions Read the label before use. Use outdoors or in well-ventilated areas. Keep out of reach of children. Do not place in air-tight containers as they may explode. Dispose of dry ice in accordance with all regulations

  • First Aid Measures

    •  Skin Contact Immediately flush skin with water and remove affected clothing. Get medical attention for assessment and treatment. Frostbite is an acute symptom of skin contact

    • Eye Contact Immediately flush eyes with water holding eyelids open and away from eyeball to ensure all affected areas are flushed. Get medical attention for assessment and treatment. Frostbite is an acute symptom of skin contact. If ingested seek medical attention. Frostbite and suffocation are acute effects of ingestion. Inhalation Remove victims to fresh air and keep them in a comfortable position for breathing. Apply artificial respiration if the victim is not breathing. Get medical attention for assessment and treatment. Acute symptoms of inhalation are suffocation and central nervous depression.

  • SEC. 5 Fire Fighting Measures

    • Recommendations Use extinguishing agents appropriate for the surrounding fire. Wear full protective gear including self-contained breathing apparatus. Stay upwind and keep out of low areas. Never handle solid carbon dioxide (dry ice) with your bare hands. Move packages of dry ice away from fire when safe to do so.

  • SEC. 6 Accidental Release Measures Personal Precautions

    • Make sure the area is well ventilated. Wear protective clothing including insulated gloves and face and eye protection. Never handle dry ice with your bare hands. If at any time you feel dizziness or shortness of breath, leave the area immediately and seek fresh air. Emergencies Make sure the area is well ventilated. Keep unnecessary people away from the spill area. Wear protective clothing including insulated gloves and face and eye protection. If at any time you feel dizziness or shortness of breath, leave the area immediately and seek fresh air. Cleanup/Containment Collect the spilled material using shovels and deposit the material in an appropriate container for proper disposal. Do not dispose of material in soil, waterways, drains, and sewers. 

  • SEC. 7 Handling and Storage Safe Handling

    • Wear protective clothing including insulated gloves and face and eye protection. Use scoops and tongs to handle the product. The product should be handled outside or in well-ventilated areas. Eating, drinking, or smoking should be prohibited in areas where this product is handled, stored, or processed. Safe Storage Always store in accordance with local regulations. The area must be well ventilated. Store product in properly designed containers. Do not store in tightly closed containers. Dry ice sublimates into carbon dioxide gas that must be allowed to vent. Carbon Dioxide is heavier than air and will accumulate in lower levels. Carbon Dioxide monitors are recommended and may be required in your jurisdiction.

  • SEC. 8 Exposure Controls

    • Personal Protection Exposure Limits Carbon Dioxide, Solid or Dry Ice (124-38-9) ACGIH ACGIH TLV-TWA (ppm) 5000 ppm ACGIH ACGIH TLV-STEL (ppm) 30000 ppm USA OSHA OSHA PEL (TWA) (mg/m3 ) 9000 mg/m3 USA OSHA OSHA PEL (TWA) (ppm) 5000 ppm USA IDLH US IDLH (ppm) 40000 ppm Engineering Controls Use local exhaust ventilation to keep the concentration of carbon dioxide below all applicable exposure limits. Carbon Dioxide detectors are recommended and may be required by your local jurisdiction. Carbon Dioxide is heavier than air and will accumulate in low areas. Placement of ventilation and detection of equipment must take these factors into account. Personal Protection Use insulated gloves for Hand Protection. Cover skin with insulated protective clothing and face shield. Use approved safety glasses with side shields for eye protection. Wear safety shoes for foot protection. When workplace conditions warrant respirator use, follow a respiratory protection program that meets OSHA 29 CFR 1910.134, ANSI Z88.2, or MSHA 30 CFR 72.710 (where applicable). Use an air-supplied or air-purifying cartridge if the action level is exceeded. Ensure that the respirator has the appropriate protection factor for the exposure level. If cartridge type respirators are used, the cartridge must be appropriate for the chemical exposure. For emergencies or instances with unknown exposure levels, use a self contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

  • SEC. 9 Physical and Chemical Properties

    • Appearance White opaque crystalline U/L flammability and explosive limits Not available Odor Odorless Vapor pressure 5720 kPa at 20⁰C Odor threshold Not available Vapor density 1.5 times heavier than air pH 3.7 (carbonic acid) Relative density .1.4-1.8 g/cm3 Melting point/freezing point -70⁰C Solubility in Water (ml/100ml at 20 C) 88⁰C Initial boiling point -79⁰C Flash point Not available Evaporation rate Not available Flammability (solid, gas) Not available Partition coefficient (n-octanol/water as log pow) .83 Auto-ignition temperature Not available Decomposition temperature Decomposes above 2000⁰C This produces toxic carbon monoxide.

  • SEC. 10 Stability and Reactivity Reactivity

    • No reactivity hazard is expected. Chemical Stability Stable at normal temperatures and pressure. Possibility of Hazardous Reactions None if stored, used and disposed of properly. Conditions to Avoid Not following all storage and handling procedures could result in serious damage, injury or death. Protect from physical damage and heat. Containers may rupture or explode if exposed to heat. Avoid contact with water or moisture. Product improperly stored in a sealed container may explode. Carbon dioxide is heavier than air and can accumulate in low areas. Avoid using and storing in low areas and poor ventilation. Incompatible Materials Combustible materials, oxidizing materials, metal salts, reducing agents, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, acetyl ide forming metals, chromium, titanium > 1022°F, metal carbide, bases, (550°C), uranium (U) > 1382°F (750°C), magnesium > 1427°F (775°C). Hazardous Decomposition Produces poisonous carbon monoxide over 2000°C, oxides of carbon

  • SEC. 9 Physical and Chemical Properties

    • Appearance White opaque crystalline U/L flammability and explosive limits Not available Odor Odorless Vapor pressure 5720 kPa at 20⁰C Odor threshold Not available Vapor density 1.5 times heavier than air pH 3.7 (carbonic acid) Relative density .1.4-1.8 g/cm3 Melting point/freezing point -70⁰C Solubility in Water (ml/100ml at 20 C) 88⁰C Initial boiling point -79⁰C Flash point Not available Evaporation rate Not available Flammability (solid, gas) Not available Partition coefficient (n-octanol/water as log pow) .83 Auto-ignition temperature Not available Decomposition temperature Decomposes above 2000⁰C This produces toxic carbon monoxide.

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